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Deep Bed Filtration of Oilfield Produced Water JAMES T. WALLACE, JR., Filtration Specialist J. STUART BROWN, Manager of Engineering DeLaval Condenser and Filter Division Florence, New Jersey INTRODUCTION The City of Long Beach, California was recently awarded first prize in a national environmental competition sponsored by Petroleum Engineering Publishing Company. The citation pointed out that the City's Department of Oil Properties has pioneered a program of getting the various field operators to build filtration systems and then to reinject the filtered wastewater back underground which serves a dual purpose of eliminating a potential pollution problem and helping to curb subsidence. The produced oil field brine water may contain as much as 25 to 50 mg/1 of oily residue and an equal quantity of suspended solids. The brine produced water is also deficient in oxygen. The oily residue and solids are in such quantities that they have no significant affect on marine life, but the oxygen deficiency would be detrimental. The application of deep bed dual media filters as the final step before injection made the program economically feasible by removing the majority of the contaminants and making injection into the aquifers a reality. The DELAVAL Condenser and Filter Division is proud to have played a very important role in this filter operation. Prior to this proven application of the DELAVAL U H R Filter, if wastewater were to be injected, it had to be filtered through diatomaceous earth filters which were very expensive to operate, but which produce a fine effluent quality if properly maintained. Extensive pilot tests on an oily wastewater from an Eastern steel mill convinced us that the UHR Filter would produce a good effluent and could be repeatedly backwashed. We entered into a cooperative program with one of the large producers in the Wilmington Field at Long Beach. Bench tests which were conducted as far back as November, 1967, revealed 60 percent removal of the total suspended solids and over 50 percent removal of the free oil. The first phase of pilot tests was conducted during the period of June to August, 1968, using a DELAVAL UHRFilter, containing 7 sq. ft. of filtration area. The objectives of these tests were to: 1) determine the performance of the UHR Filter when operating with flotation cell effluent on oil field produced brine water; 2) define the optimum operating conditions for a full scale filter plant; and 3) demonstrate the effectiveness of the backwash procedure over a reasonably long period of time. Upflow filtration was used in the initial series of tests. The bed consisted of approximately two feet of graded gravel which supported approximately four feet of filter sand having an effective size of 2 mm. An additional two foot layer of 1 mm sand was placed on top for polishing. Tests were conducted at a filtration rate varying from 11 to 16 gsfm. The removal performance for oil was reasonably consistent throughout the series, but the solids removal varied over a wide range. The total suspended solids removal averaged 62 percent with a range of 37 to 82 percent. The oil removal averaged 77 percent with a range of 66 to 86 percent. The average length of run was 27 hours. Runs were terminated when the increase in dynamic head loss across the media reached about 16 ft. 151
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC197212 |
Title | Deep bed filtration of oilfield produced water |
Author |
Wallace, J. T. (James T.) Brown, J. Stuart |
Date of Original | 1972 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 27th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://earchives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,20246 |
Extent of Original | p. 151-158 |
Series | Engineering extension series no. 141 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-06-08 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page0151 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | Deep Bed Filtration of Oilfield Produced Water JAMES T. WALLACE, JR., Filtration Specialist J. STUART BROWN, Manager of Engineering DeLaval Condenser and Filter Division Florence, New Jersey INTRODUCTION The City of Long Beach, California was recently awarded first prize in a national environmental competition sponsored by Petroleum Engineering Publishing Company. The citation pointed out that the City's Department of Oil Properties has pioneered a program of getting the various field operators to build filtration systems and then to reinject the filtered wastewater back underground which serves a dual purpose of eliminating a potential pollution problem and helping to curb subsidence. The produced oil field brine water may contain as much as 25 to 50 mg/1 of oily residue and an equal quantity of suspended solids. The brine produced water is also deficient in oxygen. The oily residue and solids are in such quantities that they have no significant affect on marine life, but the oxygen deficiency would be detrimental. The application of deep bed dual media filters as the final step before injection made the program economically feasible by removing the majority of the contaminants and making injection into the aquifers a reality. The DELAVAL Condenser and Filter Division is proud to have played a very important role in this filter operation. Prior to this proven application of the DELAVAL U H R Filter, if wastewater were to be injected, it had to be filtered through diatomaceous earth filters which were very expensive to operate, but which produce a fine effluent quality if properly maintained. Extensive pilot tests on an oily wastewater from an Eastern steel mill convinced us that the UHR Filter would produce a good effluent and could be repeatedly backwashed. We entered into a cooperative program with one of the large producers in the Wilmington Field at Long Beach. Bench tests which were conducted as far back as November, 1967, revealed 60 percent removal of the total suspended solids and over 50 percent removal of the free oil. The first phase of pilot tests was conducted during the period of June to August, 1968, using a DELAVAL UHRFilter, containing 7 sq. ft. of filtration area. The objectives of these tests were to: 1) determine the performance of the UHR Filter when operating with flotation cell effluent on oil field produced brine water; 2) define the optimum operating conditions for a full scale filter plant; and 3) demonstrate the effectiveness of the backwash procedure over a reasonably long period of time. Upflow filtration was used in the initial series of tests. The bed consisted of approximately two feet of graded gravel which supported approximately four feet of filter sand having an effective size of 2 mm. An additional two foot layer of 1 mm sand was placed on top for polishing. Tests were conducted at a filtration rate varying from 11 to 16 gsfm. The removal performance for oil was reasonably consistent throughout the series, but the solids removal varied over a wide range. The total suspended solids removal averaged 62 percent with a range of 37 to 82 percent. The oil removal averaged 77 percent with a range of 66 to 86 percent. The average length of run was 27 hours. Runs were terminated when the increase in dynamic head loss across the media reached about 16 ft. 151 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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