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Treatment of Photographic Laboratory Wastes at Norton Air Force Base, California PAUL V. HENNESSY, Vice President DONALD G. ROSENBERG, Senior Engineer RAYMOND G. ZEHNPFENNIG, Research Chemist Montgomery Research Inc. Pasadena, California INTRODUCTION Increased use of photography by military, industrial and commercial users, and as a hobby has greatly increased the number and size of photographic development facilities in the United States. This has been particularly true for military installations. The use of film in training and for strategic purposes by toe military has increased many fold in the past 10 years. The film development facilities proposed for Norton Air Force Base are of a magnitude not previously constructed by toe Air Force. Previous approaches to toe treatment of photographic wastes have been by dilution in large municipal sewage systems or by disposal to receiving waters that eventually lead to toe ocean. This paper describes the nature and quantity of the chemicals encountered in various photo processes currently used, discusses the photo development process in simple terms, and describes a solution to toe problems at Norton Air Force Base. The solution at Norton Air Force Base is particularly interesting in that toe location of toe facility is at toe upstream end of one of the largest and most utilized ground water basins in the United States. THE PROBLEM Norton Air Force Base disposes of sanitary and industrial wastes through the facilities of the City of San Bernardino. This disposal is by contractual arrangement between the Air Force and the City. The City of San Bernardino operates two treatment plants. Each treatment plant employs a biological secondary process. The initial plant is a fixed-nozzle standard rate trickling filter plant. A newer plant, constructed in 1963, utilizes the activated sludge process. Water reclamation through spreading of the treated effluent is practiced at both plants. Both plants discharge the treated effluent tp the Bunker Hill Basin of the Upper Santa Ana River system. This system is probably the most highly utilized ground water system in the western United States. The ground water resources of toe Upper ana Lower Santa Ana River systems provide toe basic water supply for San Bernardino, Riverside, and Orange Counties with a population of approximately two million persons. This ground water basin is subjected to sophisticated management and has, over many years, been the subject of litigation on matters concerning ground water quality. Becasue of toe foregoing, rigid restrictions are placed on any use of water within toe Basin toat causes greater than normal degradation of mineral quality. Requirements are imposed upon all waste dischargers within toe Basin. The gross flow from Norton Air Force Base represents a substantial part (approximately 10 per cent) of toe total flow for toe City of San Bernar- - 740 -
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC196765 |
Title | Treatment of photographic laboratory wastes at Norton Air Force Base, California |
Author |
Hennessy, Paul V. Rosenberg, Donald G. Zehnpfenning, Raymond G. |
Date of Original | 1967 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 22nd Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://earchives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,14179 |
Extent of Original | p. 740-751 |
Series |
Engineering extension series no. 129 Engineering bulletin v. 52, no. 3 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-05-20 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 740 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | Treatment of Photographic Laboratory Wastes at Norton Air Force Base, California PAUL V. HENNESSY, Vice President DONALD G. ROSENBERG, Senior Engineer RAYMOND G. ZEHNPFENNIG, Research Chemist Montgomery Research Inc. Pasadena, California INTRODUCTION Increased use of photography by military, industrial and commercial users, and as a hobby has greatly increased the number and size of photographic development facilities in the United States. This has been particularly true for military installations. The use of film in training and for strategic purposes by toe military has increased many fold in the past 10 years. The film development facilities proposed for Norton Air Force Base are of a magnitude not previously constructed by toe Air Force. Previous approaches to toe treatment of photographic wastes have been by dilution in large municipal sewage systems or by disposal to receiving waters that eventually lead to toe ocean. This paper describes the nature and quantity of the chemicals encountered in various photo processes currently used, discusses the photo development process in simple terms, and describes a solution to toe problems at Norton Air Force Base. The solution at Norton Air Force Base is particularly interesting in that toe location of toe facility is at toe upstream end of one of the largest and most utilized ground water basins in the United States. THE PROBLEM Norton Air Force Base disposes of sanitary and industrial wastes through the facilities of the City of San Bernardino. This disposal is by contractual arrangement between the Air Force and the City. The City of San Bernardino operates two treatment plants. Each treatment plant employs a biological secondary process. The initial plant is a fixed-nozzle standard rate trickling filter plant. A newer plant, constructed in 1963, utilizes the activated sludge process. Water reclamation through spreading of the treated effluent is practiced at both plants. Both plants discharge the treated effluent tp the Bunker Hill Basin of the Upper Santa Ana River system. This system is probably the most highly utilized ground water system in the western United States. The ground water resources of toe Upper ana Lower Santa Ana River systems provide toe basic water supply for San Bernardino, Riverside, and Orange Counties with a population of approximately two million persons. This ground water basin is subjected to sophisticated management and has, over many years, been the subject of litigation on matters concerning ground water quality. Becasue of toe foregoing, rigid restrictions are placed on any use of water within toe Basin toat causes greater than normal degradation of mineral quality. Requirements are imposed upon all waste dischargers within toe Basin. The gross flow from Norton Air Force Base represents a substantial part (approximately 10 per cent) of toe total flow for toe City of San Bernar- - 740 - |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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