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The Differential Enumeration and Significance of Coliform Organisms in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents WILLIAM L. CARPENTER, Research Associate LUCIAN M. FARROW, JR., Graduate Research Assistant The National Council for Stream Improvement The John Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland ISAIAH GELLMAN, Assistant Technical Director The National Council for Stream Improvement New York, New York INTRODUCTION For many years the coliform group including aerobic, facultative anaerobic, gram-negative, non-spore forming, and rod shaped bacteria, which ferment lactose with gas formation within 48 hrs, has been used to indicate the pollution of water. Such identification is designed to specify the suitability of a particular water for domestic and dietetic uses as well as water contact activities. The growing importance of recreational developments in multi-purpose water resource programs raises additional questions regarding the compatibility of such development with existing and future industrial operations involving extensive water use. In such cases the need for effluent treatment aimed at bacteriological water quality control can only be established with the aid of enumeration techniques which measure those microorganisms providing a reliable indication of recent sanitary sewage discharges. Recent studies (1) have shown that pulp and paper mill effluents display high coliform organism counts when analyzed by standard procedures. The presence of coliform organisms of the Aerobacter aerogenes, commonly found in surface and soil drainage is believed responsible for the nigh counts observed. These factors posed several questions regarding use of the existing procedures and led to an investigation designed to: 1) Establish satisfactory procedures suited for the enumeration and interpretation of coliform organism counts in pulp and paper mill effluents and their receiving waters; 2) Indicate the effect of biological treatment on the coliform counts of such effluents: and 3) Indicate the compatibility of pulp and paper mill effluent discharge with water contact type recrea - tional developments on receiving streams and reservoirs. CURRENT STATUS OF COLIFORM GROUP AS INDICATORS The use of the coliform group as an indicator of pollution is recognized in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water (12th Edition - 1965) by the Completed Test MPN procedure as the official test for water. The Confirmed Test MPN method is acceptable where it has been demonstrated to yield equivalent results to the Completed Test. Membrane filter procedures for the coliform group also are official in the current edition and recognized for interstate - 28 -
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC196705 |
Title | Differential enumeration and significance of coliform organisms in pulp and paper mill effluents |
Author |
Carpenter, W. L. (William L.) Farrow, Lucian M. Gellman, I. (Isaiah) |
Date of Original | 1967 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 22nd Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://earchives.lib.purdue.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/engext&CISOPTR=14189&REC=9 |
Extent of Original | p. 28-35 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-05-20 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 28 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | The Differential Enumeration and Significance of Coliform Organisms in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents WILLIAM L. CARPENTER, Research Associate LUCIAN M. FARROW, JR., Graduate Research Assistant The National Council for Stream Improvement The John Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland ISAIAH GELLMAN, Assistant Technical Director The National Council for Stream Improvement New York, New York INTRODUCTION For many years the coliform group including aerobic, facultative anaerobic, gram-negative, non-spore forming, and rod shaped bacteria, which ferment lactose with gas formation within 48 hrs, has been used to indicate the pollution of water. Such identification is designed to specify the suitability of a particular water for domestic and dietetic uses as well as water contact activities. The growing importance of recreational developments in multi-purpose water resource programs raises additional questions regarding the compatibility of such development with existing and future industrial operations involving extensive water use. In such cases the need for effluent treatment aimed at bacteriological water quality control can only be established with the aid of enumeration techniques which measure those microorganisms providing a reliable indication of recent sanitary sewage discharges. Recent studies (1) have shown that pulp and paper mill effluents display high coliform organism counts when analyzed by standard procedures. The presence of coliform organisms of the Aerobacter aerogenes, commonly found in surface and soil drainage is believed responsible for the nigh counts observed. These factors posed several questions regarding use of the existing procedures and led to an investigation designed to: 1) Establish satisfactory procedures suited for the enumeration and interpretation of coliform organism counts in pulp and paper mill effluents and their receiving waters; 2) Indicate the effect of biological treatment on the coliform counts of such effluents: and 3) Indicate the compatibility of pulp and paper mill effluent discharge with water contact type recrea - tional developments on receiving streams and reservoirs. CURRENT STATUS OF COLIFORM GROUP AS INDICATORS The use of the coliform group as an indicator of pollution is recognized in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water (12th Edition - 1965) by the Completed Test MPN procedure as the official test for water. The Confirmed Test MPN method is acceptable where it has been demonstrated to yield equivalent results to the Completed Test. Membrane filter procedures for the coliform group also are official in the current edition and recognized for interstate - 28 - |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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