Economic and Marketing Information for Indiana Farmers (Jan 31, 1961) |
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Economic and Marketing Information FOR INDIANA FARMERS Prepared by the Agricultural Staff of Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana January 31, 1961 INDIANA FARMERS Livestock Auctions In Indiana by THOMAS T. STOUT, Agricultural Economics AUCTION MARKET GROWTH has been one of k the dynamic changes in Indiana livestock marketing since World War II. Auction markets have increased from 54 in 1940 to 70 in 1958 with even greater growth in percentages of livestock sold through these markets. Between 1940 and 1956, cattle and calf sales through auctions increased about 180%, while hog sales increased about 70% (Figure 1). This growth in cattle marketings has placed them second only to terminals in receipts and sales of all cattle and calves, and first in importance as an outlet for slaughter calves. Auctions Are a Farmer's Market Auctions should not be thought of as predominant slaughter markets. In Indiana where nearly 85'4 of the cattle and 95/< of the hogs are marketed for slaughter purposes, auctions are surpassed in volume of total marketings by terminals, local markets, and packer markets. The significance of auction markets to the producer rests in the services they provide in the non- slaughter market. They are important in the purchase and sale of non-slaughter stock and as a basis for price determination of interfarm livestock sales. Figure 1. Percent Change in Share of Total Market Receipts at Indiana Livestock Markets, 1940-1956. (Terminals refer to Fort Wayne, Muncie, Indianapolis and Evansville. "All Other" includes farmers, dealers and cooperative shipping associations. Percent change Percent change All Cattle and Calves All Hogs and Pigs No Change For example, in 1956, the most recent survey year, farmers sold more vealer and deacon calves, feeder cattle and calves, breeding cattle and calves, and feeder pigs through auctions than through any other established market facility. In that same year, they bought more feeder cattle and feeder pigs through auctions than from any other physical market facility. Farmers consigned virtually all the sheep and lambs, including slaughter stock, and 90% or more of the hogs, pigs, cattle and calves sold at auctions. Other consignments were made in minor amounts by the auction management and by livestock traders. Farmers bought none of the slaughter animals offered for sale but re-purchased 50 to 98' of the non-slaughter stock that had been consigned. Auction Size and Concentration Two factors influencing the growth and operation of country livestock markets are O proximity to terminal markets and other competing facilities, and Q the density of livestock population in the area. Figure 2 shows the locations of Indiana's 73 auction markets. One can see the heavier concentration of auctions in northeastern Indiana where there is less terminal influence and where hog population is relatively low, minimizing the concentration of daily markets in the area. In the northwestern part of the state much of the livestock is sent to the Chicago Union Stockyards. Although livestock population is high in central Indiana, much of it goes to Indianapolis. Both low livestock densi- ty and the strength of terminal markets a t Evansville, Louisville, and Cincinnati tend to limit auction growth in the three southern areas. Figure 2. Auction Locations in Indiana, 1958.
Object Description
Title | Economic and Marketing Information for Indiana Farmers (Jan. 31, 1961) |
Purdue Identification Number | UA14-13-econ196101 |
Date of Original | 1961 |
Publisher | Purdue University. Agricultural Extension Service |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Farm produce--Indiana--Marketing Agriculture--Economic aspects--Indiana |
Genre | Periodical |
Collection Title | Extension Economic & Marketing Information (Purdue University. Agricultural Extension) |
Rights | Copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 03/12/2015 |
Digitization Specifications | Original scanned at 400 ppi on a BookEye 3 scanner using Opus software. Display images generated in Contentdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
URI | UA14-13-econ196101.tif |
Description
Title | Economic and Marketing Information for Indiana Farmers (Jan 31, 1961) |
Purdue Identification Number | UA14-13-econ196101 |
Transcript | Economic and Marketing Information FOR INDIANA FARMERS Prepared by the Agricultural Staff of Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana January 31, 1961 INDIANA FARMERS Livestock Auctions In Indiana by THOMAS T. STOUT, Agricultural Economics AUCTION MARKET GROWTH has been one of k the dynamic changes in Indiana livestock marketing since World War II. Auction markets have increased from 54 in 1940 to 70 in 1958 with even greater growth in percentages of livestock sold through these markets. Between 1940 and 1956, cattle and calf sales through auctions increased about 180%, while hog sales increased about 70% (Figure 1). This growth in cattle marketings has placed them second only to terminals in receipts and sales of all cattle and calves, and first in importance as an outlet for slaughter calves. Auctions Are a Farmer's Market Auctions should not be thought of as predominant slaughter markets. In Indiana where nearly 85'4 of the cattle and 95/< of the hogs are marketed for slaughter purposes, auctions are surpassed in volume of total marketings by terminals, local markets, and packer markets. The significance of auction markets to the producer rests in the services they provide in the non- slaughter market. They are important in the purchase and sale of non-slaughter stock and as a basis for price determination of interfarm livestock sales. Figure 1. Percent Change in Share of Total Market Receipts at Indiana Livestock Markets, 1940-1956. (Terminals refer to Fort Wayne, Muncie, Indianapolis and Evansville. "All Other" includes farmers, dealers and cooperative shipping associations. Percent change Percent change All Cattle and Calves All Hogs and Pigs No Change For example, in 1956, the most recent survey year, farmers sold more vealer and deacon calves, feeder cattle and calves, breeding cattle and calves, and feeder pigs through auctions than through any other established market facility. In that same year, they bought more feeder cattle and feeder pigs through auctions than from any other physical market facility. Farmers consigned virtually all the sheep and lambs, including slaughter stock, and 90% or more of the hogs, pigs, cattle and calves sold at auctions. Other consignments were made in minor amounts by the auction management and by livestock traders. Farmers bought none of the slaughter animals offered for sale but re-purchased 50 to 98' of the non-slaughter stock that had been consigned. Auction Size and Concentration Two factors influencing the growth and operation of country livestock markets are O proximity to terminal markets and other competing facilities, and Q the density of livestock population in the area. Figure 2 shows the locations of Indiana's 73 auction markets. One can see the heavier concentration of auctions in northeastern Indiana where there is less terminal influence and where hog population is relatively low, minimizing the concentration of daily markets in the area. In the northwestern part of the state much of the livestock is sent to the Chicago Union Stockyards. Although livestock population is high in central Indiana, much of it goes to Indianapolis. Both low livestock densi- ty and the strength of terminal markets a t Evansville, Louisville, and Cincinnati tend to limit auction growth in the three southern areas. Figure 2. Auction Locations in Indiana, 1958. |
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