Economic and Marketing Information for Indiana Farmers (Apr. 25, 1957) |
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April 25, 1957 Economic and Marketing Information FOR INDIANA FARMERS Monthly Farrowing—Will It Boost Your Profits? by J. E. KADLEC, J. O. DUNBAR, and E. W. KEHRBERG, Agricultural Economics WHICH HOG SYSTEM should ff you use to make the most money on your farm? This question is raised by many Indiana farmers who use the two-litter system but are thinking of changing to multiple farrowing. Some are thinking of farrowing two or three months in succession twice a year. Others are thinking of going all the way to farrowing every month in the year. A few are thinking of various other systems of multiple farrowing. More and more hog farmers are specializing in order to gain labor efficiency and cut production costs. As this takes place, with hog enterprises becoming larger, farmers are jivesting greater amounts of capital ln specialized buildings and equipment. Nearly everyone recognizes that the cost of buildings and equipment per hog produced can be reduced by a system of farrowing which uses the farrowing house and equipment more often rather than a system which leaves them idle much of the time. Some farmers may, therefore, find it profitable to farrow continuously. But most will not, because (1) savings in cost become less with each additional time the equipment is used. (21 average sale price of hogs farrowed every month is lower, (3) more labor may be required during cropping season, and (4) management requirements are increased. Costs If you were to increase the number of sows farrowed and change from a system of farrowing in February and August over to farrowing in January and February and July and August, you would cut your farrowing house costs about in half for each sow and two-litters raised (Table 1). In addition, you would reduce costs of other items such as feed and water equipment, portable housing and the like by $2.66. This would mean a total reduction in cost of $9.16 per sow and two litters raised; or about 30 cents per cwt. of hogs produced. To go further, if you were to change to a system of farrowing in December, January. February and June. July and August, vou would save another $3.27 (total) per sow and two-litters: or another 10 cents more per cwt. produced. This makes a total of about 40 cents per cwt. Now then, if you were to go to a system of farrowing every month, you would save another $9.31. This is an additional 30 cents per cwt. Thus, the total amount per cwt. saved, changing from a conventional two- litter system (farrowing in February and August only) to monthly farrowing, is about 70 cents. Over half of this, 40 cents, is saved by shifting to farrowing in December, January. February and June, July and August. Gross Returns If we assume (1) that hogs are sold 6 months after they are farrowed, and (2) that prices will vary- seasonally as they did from the 1950- 54 Indianapolis average (Table 2), there isn't much difference in gross receipts per sow and two-litter far- rowings in February-August vs January, February-July, August vs December, January, February - June, July. August (Table 1). However, there is a reduction of $20-$25 per sow and two-litters in receipts from hogs raised under the monthly farrowing system. This is due mainly to the fact that under the first three systems, a farmer sells half of his hogs during the summer months when the seasonal price is high, while under the monthly farrowing system, only one-fourth of the hogs are sold during these months. Labor This is the most important factor in most cases. Continuous farrowing requires about the same amount of labor each month, while the cropping
Object Description
Title | Economic and Marketing Information for Indiana Farmers (Apr. 25, 1957) |
Purdue Identification Number | UA14-13-econ195704 |
Date of Original | 1957 |
Publisher | Purdue University. Agricultural Extension Service |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Farm produce--Indiana--Marketing Agriculture--Economic aspects--Indiana |
Genre | Periodical |
Collection Title | Extension Economic & Marketing Information (Purdue University. Agricultural Extension) |
Rights | Copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 03/11/2015 |
Digitization Specifications | Original scanned at 400 ppi on a BookEye 3 scanner using Opus software. Display images generated in Contentdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
URI | UA14-13-econ195704.tif |
Description
Title | Economic and Marketing Information for Indiana Farmers (Apr. 25, 1957) |
Purdue Identification Number | UA14-13-econ195704 |
Transcript | April 25, 1957 Economic and Marketing Information FOR INDIANA FARMERS Monthly Farrowing—Will It Boost Your Profits? by J. E. KADLEC, J. O. DUNBAR, and E. W. KEHRBERG, Agricultural Economics WHICH HOG SYSTEM should ff you use to make the most money on your farm? This question is raised by many Indiana farmers who use the two-litter system but are thinking of changing to multiple farrowing. Some are thinking of farrowing two or three months in succession twice a year. Others are thinking of going all the way to farrowing every month in the year. A few are thinking of various other systems of multiple farrowing. More and more hog farmers are specializing in order to gain labor efficiency and cut production costs. As this takes place, with hog enterprises becoming larger, farmers are jivesting greater amounts of capital ln specialized buildings and equipment. Nearly everyone recognizes that the cost of buildings and equipment per hog produced can be reduced by a system of farrowing which uses the farrowing house and equipment more often rather than a system which leaves them idle much of the time. Some farmers may, therefore, find it profitable to farrow continuously. But most will not, because (1) savings in cost become less with each additional time the equipment is used. (21 average sale price of hogs farrowed every month is lower, (3) more labor may be required during cropping season, and (4) management requirements are increased. Costs If you were to increase the number of sows farrowed and change from a system of farrowing in February and August over to farrowing in January and February and July and August, you would cut your farrowing house costs about in half for each sow and two-litters raised (Table 1). In addition, you would reduce costs of other items such as feed and water equipment, portable housing and the like by $2.66. This would mean a total reduction in cost of $9.16 per sow and two litters raised; or about 30 cents per cwt. of hogs produced. To go further, if you were to change to a system of farrowing in December, January. February and June. July and August, vou would save another $3.27 (total) per sow and two-litters: or another 10 cents more per cwt. produced. This makes a total of about 40 cents per cwt. Now then, if you were to go to a system of farrowing every month, you would save another $9.31. This is an additional 30 cents per cwt. Thus, the total amount per cwt. saved, changing from a conventional two- litter system (farrowing in February and August only) to monthly farrowing, is about 70 cents. Over half of this, 40 cents, is saved by shifting to farrowing in December, January. February and June, July and August. Gross Returns If we assume (1) that hogs are sold 6 months after they are farrowed, and (2) that prices will vary- seasonally as they did from the 1950- 54 Indianapolis average (Table 2), there isn't much difference in gross receipts per sow and two-litter far- rowings in February-August vs January, February-July, August vs December, January, February - June, July. August (Table 1). However, there is a reduction of $20-$25 per sow and two-litters in receipts from hogs raised under the monthly farrowing system. This is due mainly to the fact that under the first three systems, a farmer sells half of his hogs during the summer months when the seasonal price is high, while under the monthly farrowing system, only one-fourth of the hogs are sold during these months. Labor This is the most important factor in most cases. Continuous farrowing requires about the same amount of labor each month, while the cropping |
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