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HOUSING PIH-32 pork industry handbook PURDUE UNIVERSITY • COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE • WEST LAFAYETTE, INDIANA Building Materials and Equipment for Swine Facilities Authors Vernon M. Meyer, Iowa State University Gerald R. Bodman, University of Nebraska William H. Friday, Purdue University Reviewers L. Neil Burcham, New Mexico State University Robert M. Butler, University of Wisconsin Nevin Wagner, Manheim, Pennsylvania Producers who have invested in new swine facilities are often disappointed by the severe deterioration of their facilities after just a few years. Much of the deterioration could have been prevented if the producer had considered the corrosiveness of the environment within the facility and the pigs’ destructive nature. These problems are more pronounced in enclosed facilities but can occur in all types of units. The most rapid deterioration takes place near the floor because of wetness, chemical corrosion, and physical destruction. However, the effects can also be observed in other parts of the building, especially on unprotected metal. Rapid corrosion of metal is characteristic of facilities with a poorly designed ventilation system. See Pork Industry Handbook fact sheet PIH-60, Mechanical Ventilation of Swine Buildings. When planning your building, select materials that are insurable, corrosion-resistant, and durable enough to withstand the rugged pushing, rubbing and chewing activities of the pigs. Materials within the building but outside the pens are not as vulnerable to physical deterioration, but they can have a relatively short life because of corrosion. Materials along alleys will be subjected to physical abuse from the pigs and from moving equipment. Therefore, carefully select equipment and materials regardless of their intended use or location. Floors A good, high-quality concrete mix is necessary because manure acids corrode concrete. Solid floors should be made from a mix that will yield a 4,000 psi concrete (maximum of 6 gal. of water per bag of cement). Air entrained concrete should be used for all installations, especially where the concrete will be subjected to freezing temperatures. An alternative is to place a lower strength, less expensive concrete as a base and then add a higher strength concrete over the top as a wear surface. This is accomplished by placing a steel reinforcement mesh over a rough-graded layer of concrete and then adding a finish layer of concrete. The savings in material cost should be evaluated in light of possible inconvenience during the placement of layers of concrete and higher labor costs. If slats are to be used, they should be designed for corrosion resistance as well as strength. Additional flooring design details can be found in PIH-53, Flooring for Swine. Walls Concrete and wood-frame are both satisfactory for exterior walls. A choice should be made after considering both construction and maintenance costs. Consider also the work required to provide openings in the wall, such as for ventilation. Concrete is one of the most durable materials for walls that are subjected to animal and equipment contact. However, concrete has little thermal insulating value. Where warm interior temperatures are to be maintained, as for a farrowing or nursery facility, additional insulation is recommended. In cold climates, insulation is also essential in growing/finishing buildings to prevent condensation and retain animal heat. In very mild climates, concrete walls without insulation are satisfactory for some phases of a hog production facility. Sandwich panel construction is an effective means of providing a durable interior and exterior surface and at the same time, improving the thermal efficiency of the wall. Sandwich panels are formed by placing a foam board insulation material within the wall during casting of the concrete. This can be done either with cast-in-place walls or precast, tilt-up panels. An alternative that can be used where animals do not have access to the outside of the building is to erect a concrete wall and apply a spray-on urethane insulation material on the outside. The insulation must be painted or otherwise protected to retard destruction by ultraviolet light from the sun. For added protection, the foam should Cooperative Extension work in Agriculture and Home Economics, state of Indiana, Purdue University and U. S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. H. A. Wadsworth, Director, West Lafayette, IN. Issued in furtherance of the acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914. The Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service is an affirmative action equal opportunity institution.
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | UA14-13-mimeoPIH032r2 |
Title | Extension Pork Industry Handbook, no. 032 (1988) |
Title of Issue | Building materials and equipment for swine facilities |
Date of Original | 1988 |
Genre | Periodical |
Collection Title | Extension Pork Industry Handbook (Purdue University. Agricultural Extension Service) |
Rights Statement | Copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Coverage | United States – Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 10/27/2016 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 400 ppi on a BookEye 3 scanner using Opus software. Display images generated in Contentdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
URI | UA14-13-mimeoPIH032r2.tif |
Description
Title | Page 001 |
Genre | Periodical |
Collection Title | Extension Pork Industry Handbook (Purdue University. Agricultural Extension Service) |
Rights Statement | Copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Coverage | United States – Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Transcript | HOUSING PIH-32 pork industry handbook PURDUE UNIVERSITY • COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE • WEST LAFAYETTE, INDIANA Building Materials and Equipment for Swine Facilities Authors Vernon M. Meyer, Iowa State University Gerald R. Bodman, University of Nebraska William H. Friday, Purdue University Reviewers L. Neil Burcham, New Mexico State University Robert M. Butler, University of Wisconsin Nevin Wagner, Manheim, Pennsylvania Producers who have invested in new swine facilities are often disappointed by the severe deterioration of their facilities after just a few years. Much of the deterioration could have been prevented if the producer had considered the corrosiveness of the environment within the facility and the pigs’ destructive nature. These problems are more pronounced in enclosed facilities but can occur in all types of units. The most rapid deterioration takes place near the floor because of wetness, chemical corrosion, and physical destruction. However, the effects can also be observed in other parts of the building, especially on unprotected metal. Rapid corrosion of metal is characteristic of facilities with a poorly designed ventilation system. See Pork Industry Handbook fact sheet PIH-60, Mechanical Ventilation of Swine Buildings. When planning your building, select materials that are insurable, corrosion-resistant, and durable enough to withstand the rugged pushing, rubbing and chewing activities of the pigs. Materials within the building but outside the pens are not as vulnerable to physical deterioration, but they can have a relatively short life because of corrosion. Materials along alleys will be subjected to physical abuse from the pigs and from moving equipment. Therefore, carefully select equipment and materials regardless of their intended use or location. Floors A good, high-quality concrete mix is necessary because manure acids corrode concrete. Solid floors should be made from a mix that will yield a 4,000 psi concrete (maximum of 6 gal. of water per bag of cement). Air entrained concrete should be used for all installations, especially where the concrete will be subjected to freezing temperatures. An alternative is to place a lower strength, less expensive concrete as a base and then add a higher strength concrete over the top as a wear surface. This is accomplished by placing a steel reinforcement mesh over a rough-graded layer of concrete and then adding a finish layer of concrete. The savings in material cost should be evaluated in light of possible inconvenience during the placement of layers of concrete and higher labor costs. If slats are to be used, they should be designed for corrosion resistance as well as strength. Additional flooring design details can be found in PIH-53, Flooring for Swine. Walls Concrete and wood-frame are both satisfactory for exterior walls. A choice should be made after considering both construction and maintenance costs. Consider also the work required to provide openings in the wall, such as for ventilation. Concrete is one of the most durable materials for walls that are subjected to animal and equipment contact. However, concrete has little thermal insulating value. Where warm interior temperatures are to be maintained, as for a farrowing or nursery facility, additional insulation is recommended. In cold climates, insulation is also essential in growing/finishing buildings to prevent condensation and retain animal heat. In very mild climates, concrete walls without insulation are satisfactory for some phases of a hog production facility. Sandwich panel construction is an effective means of providing a durable interior and exterior surface and at the same time, improving the thermal efficiency of the wall. Sandwich panels are formed by placing a foam board insulation material within the wall during casting of the concrete. This can be done either with cast-in-place walls or precast, tilt-up panels. An alternative that can be used where animals do not have access to the outside of the building is to erect a concrete wall and apply a spray-on urethane insulation material on the outside. The insulation must be painted or otherwise protected to retard destruction by ultraviolet light from the sun. For added protection, the foam should Cooperative Extension work in Agriculture and Home Economics, state of Indiana, Purdue University and U. S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. H. A. Wadsworth, Director, West Lafayette, IN. Issued in furtherance of the acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914. The Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service is an affirmative action equal opportunity institution. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 400 ppi on a BookEye 3 scanner using Opus software. Display images generated in Contentdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
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